Cytometric evaluation of abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes after percutaneous CO2 infiltration.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of carbon dioxide infusion to abdominal wall adipocytes. METHODS: Fifteen volunteers were subjected to sessions of CO2 infusion for three consecutive weeks (two sessions per week with intervals of two to three days between each). The volume of carbon dioxide infused per session, at points previously marked, was always calculated on the basis of surface area to be treated, with a fixed infused volume of 250 ml/100 cm² of treated surface. The infiltration points were marked respecting the limit of 2 cm equidistant between them. At each point 10 ml was injected per session, with a flow of 80 ml/min. Fragments were collected from subcutaneous tissue of the anterior abdominal wall before and after treatment. The number and histomorphological changes of adipocytes (mean diameter, perimeter, length, width and number of adipocytes per field of observation) were measured by computerized cytometry. The results were analyzed with paired Student t test, adopting a significance level of 5% (p <0.05). RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the number of adipocytes in the abdominal wall, as well as the area, diameter, perimeter, length and width of the adipocytes, after the infusion of CO2 (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The percutaneous infiltration of CO2 reduces the population of adipocytes of the anterior abdominal wall and modifies their morphology.

Avaliação citométrica dos adipócitos localizados no tecido subcutâneo da parede anterior do abdome após infiltração percutânea de CO2 / Cytometric evaluation of abdominal subcutaneous adipocytes after percutaneous CO2 infiltration

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos da infiltração de dióxido de carbono em adipócitos presentes na parede abdominal. MÉTODOS: Quinze voluntárias foram submetidas a sessões de infusão de CO2 durante três semanas consecutivas (duas sessões por semana com intervalos de dois a três dias entre cada sessão). O volume de gás carbônico infundido por sessão, em pontos previamente demarcados, foi sempre calculado com base na superfície da área a ser tratada, com volume infundido fixo de 250 mL/100cm² de superfície tratada. Os pontos de infiltração foram demarcados respeitando-se o limite eqüidistante 2cm entre eles. Em cada ponto se injetou 10mL, por sessão, com fluxo de 80mL/min. Foram colhidos fragmentos de tecido celular subcutâneo da parede abdominal anterior antes e após o tratamento. O número e as alterações histomorfológicas dos adipócitos (diâmetro médio, perímetro, comprimento, largura e número de adipócitos por campos de observação) foram mensurados por citometria computadorizada. Os resultados foram analisados com o teste t de Student pareado, adotando-se nível de significância de 5 por cento (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Encontrou-se redução significativa no número de adipócitos da parede abdominal e na área, diâmetro, perímetro, comprimento e largura após o uso da hipercapnia (p=0,0001). CONCLUSÃO: A infiltração percutânea de CO2 reduz a população e modifica a morfologia dos adipócitos presentes na parede abdominal anterior.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of carbon dioxide infusion to abdominal wall adipocytes. METHODS: Fifteen volunteers were subjected to sessions of CO2 infusion for three consecutive weeks (two sessions per week with intervals of two to three days between each). The volume of carbon dioxide infused per session, at points previously marked, was always calculated on the basis of surface area to be treated, with a fixed infused volume of 250 ml/100cm² of treated surface. The infiltration points were marked respecting the limit of 2cm equidistant between them. At each point 10 ml was injected per session, with a flow of 80ml/min. Fragments were collected from subcutaneous tissue of the anterior abdominal wall before and after treatment. The number and histomorphological changes of adipocytes (mean diameter, perimeter, length, width and number of adipocytes per field of observation) were measured by computerized cytometry. The results were analyzed with paired Student t test, adopting a significance level of 5 percent (p <0.05). RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the number of adipocytes in the abdominal wall, as well as the area, diameter, perimeter, length and width of the adipocytes, after the infusion of CO2 (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The percutaneous infiltration of CO2 reduces the population of adipocytes of the anterior abdominal wall and modifies their morphology.

Técnica de Costa Lima nas hipertrofias mamárias associada ao retalho de pedículo vascular inferior / Costa Lima technique in mammary hypertrophy associated with inferior vascular pedicles

Introdução: A hipertrofia mamária é causa comum de sofrimento físico e emocional das mulheres. A técnica de Costa Lima busca tratar esta anormalidade e facilitar a elevação do complexo aréolo-mamilar (CAM). Objetivos: Avaliar a efetividade da técnica de Costa Lima nas hipertrofias mamárias e gigantomastias quando existe dificuldade na ascensão do CAM. Método: Entre julho de 1998 e junho de 2009, foram operadas 118 pacientes com hipertrofias grau II e III, com IMC entre 18,5 e 39,9, com medida da distância entre o ponto “A” de Pitanguy e o CAM entre 6 e 19,5 cm. Nesta técnica é utilizada marcação de Pitanguy, amputando-se a base mamária, sendo retirado do pólo superior um segmento trapezoidal sub areolar, que determina um retalho areolado dermoglandular fino, que é mobilizado cranialmente com facilidade. Resultados: A maior incidência de hipertrofias foi de 3º grau (50,85%), eutróficas (42,37%), predominante na segunda década (31,36%), com 0,85% de ocorrência de trombose venosa profunda, sob anestesia geral em 84,75%. O benefício foi conseguir mamas cônicas, em harmonia com o tronco, sem dificuldades em elevar o CAM, com observação de necrose parcial em 3,39% dos casos. Conclusão: A técnica mostrou-se vantajosa pela fácil mobilização do CAM, podendo ser aplicada na terapêutica cirúrgica.

Introduction: Mammary hypertrophy is common cause of physical and emotional suffering among women. The Costa Lima technique endeavors to treat this abnormality and ease the rising of the mammary areole complex (MAC). Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the Costa Lima technique in mammary hypertrophy when there is difficulty with the ascension of the MAC. Methods: Between July 1998 and June 2009, were operated patients with II and III with BMI between 18.5 and 39.9, with an average distance between the point “A” of Pitanguy and the MAC between 6 and 19.5 centimeters. The Pitanguy marking system is used in this technique, amputating the mammary base, by which a trapezoidal sub-areole segment is removed from the superior pole which enjoins a thin areole dermalglandular shred which is easy to cranially mobilize. Results: The greatest incidence of hypertrophy was of third degree (50.85%), eutrophic (42.37%), mostly in the second decade (31.36%), with a 0.86% occurrence rate of deep venous thrombosis, under general anesthesia at 84.75%. The benefit was being able to shape conic breasts in harmony with the trunk, with not difficulties in raising the MAC, which showed partial necrosis in 3.39% of cases. Conclusion: The technique showed it self to be advantageous due to the easy mobilization of the MAC and could be applied in therapeutic surgery.